GESTALT
The Gestalt principles are guidelines for how our brains make sense of what we see. They explain why we naturally group things together, spot patterns, and understand complex visuals.
noun gestalt (gə-ˈSHtält)
an organized whole that is perceived as more than the sum of its parts
origin German 1920's
translation from 'form' or 'shape'
Similarity
Elements that look alike are perceived as related, helping to quickly identify patterns and groupings
Continuity
Eyes naturally follow smooth paths, aligned or flowing elements guide attention effortlessly
Proximity
Objects placed close together are perceived as related, making grouping and hierarchy clear
Figure-Ground
Distinguishing between a focal figure and its background allows key content to stand out clearly
Common Fate
Elements moving together are perceived as part of a group, making motion a tool to show relationships
Closure
Gaps are naturally filled to complete incomplete shapes, enabling communication with minimal detail
Symmetry & Order
Symmetrical elements are seen as belonging together, creating cohesive and balanced groupings
Prägnanz
Simpler, clearer forms are preferred, reducing complexity enhances clarity and comprehension
Common Region
Elements within a shared boundary or background are seen as related, aiding quick understanding of grouping

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